Heart failure and an artificial heart pump

The heart is fundamental to our circulatory system. When it is healthy, it is roughly the size of a fist and sits in the middle of the chest, slightly to the left. Comprised of two interacting sides, separated by the septum, each are similar in having two compartments, the atria and ventricles. Blood enters the atria when they relax while the ventricles simultaneously contract and pump blood out into the aorta on the left side, or pulmonary artery on the right. When the ventricles relax, they fill while the atria assist this filling by contracting and moving blood into the ventricles. Valves between the atria and ventricles stop blood from flowing back in the wrong direction.

Although the two sides of the heart are generally similar in form, they differ in size and anatomy because of their function. The right-hand side is smaller than the left, it pumps blood through the pulmonary circuit, returning low-oxygen blood to the lungs to replenish the blood with oxygen. The left-hand side is larger, as it has the harder job of pumping oxygen-rich blood through the high-pressure circuit around the body to cells, tissues and organs.

International Conference on Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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                                                   heart located in the human body

heart, organ that serves as a pump to circulate the blood. It may be a straight tube, as in spiders and annelid worms, or a somewhat more elaborate structure with one or more receiving chambers (atria) and a main pumping chamber (ventricle), as in mollusks. In fishes the heart is a folded tube, with three or four enlarged areas that correspond to the chambers in the mammalian heart. In animals with lungs—amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals—the heart shows various stages of evolution from a single to a double pump that circulates blood (1) to the lungs and (2) to the body as a whole.

In humans and other mammals and in birds, the heart is a four-chambered double pump that is the centre of the circulatory system. In humans it is situated between the two lungs and slightly to the left of centre, behind the breastbone; it rests on the diaphragm, the muscular partition between the chest and the abdominal cavity.

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                                        Blood Clots

                                           

 Types of Blood Clots

There are 2 types of blood clots that can be dangerous: deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

DVT can happen when an abnormal blood clot forms in a vein deep inside your body, usually in your arm or leg (see Figure 1). The clot may affect your normal blood flow and cause swelling, redness, and pain in the area. If the clot isn’t treated, new blood clots may form. The clot may also break apart and spread to other parts of your body. These things can make the swelling and pain worse and lead to trouble walking, an infection, or skin ulcers (sores).

Pulmonary embolism (PE)

A PE can happen when an abnormal blood clot blocks the flow of blood in a blood vessel in your lung (see Figure 2). Most of the time, this happens when a blood clot in a deep vein of your leg breaks loose and travels to your lung. Having a PE can keep your body from getting enough oxygen.

* Trouble breathing

* Chest pain

* A fast heartbeat

* Pale or blue-colored skin

* A PE can cause death if the signs aren’t treated quickly.

International Research Awards on Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

More visit: https://cardiology-conferences.pencis.com/awards/
Online Nomination: https://x-i.me/ccmshar21
#Atrium
#Electrocardiography
#Cardiology
#Cardiovascular
#cardiac
#Atrioventricular