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  Pencis awards the Researchers and Research organizations around the world in the motive of Encouraging and Honouring them for their Significant contributions & Achievements for the Advancement in their field of Expertise. Researchers and scholars of all nationalities are eligible to receive Pencis Research awards. Nominees are judged on past accomplishments, research excellence and outstanding academic achievements.

International Research Awards on Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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                                                       Minimally invasive procedure

Minimally invasive procedures (also known as minimally invasive surgeries) encompass surgical techniques that limit the size of incisions needed, thereby reducing wound healing time, associated pain, and risk of infection. Surgery by definition is invasive and many operations requiring incisions of some size are referred to as open surgery.

Diagnostic techniques that do not involve incisions, puncturing the skin, or the introduction of foreign objects or materials into the body are known as non-invasive procedures.[3] Several treatment procedures are classified as non-invasive.

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                                                  Types of Heart Disease

  

Coronary artery disease: Over the years, cholesterol plaques can narrow the arteries supplying blood to the heart. The narrowed arteries are at higher risk for  complete blockage from a sudden blood clot (this blockage is called a heart attack).

Stable angina pectoris: Narrowed coronary arteries cause predictable chest pain or discomfort with exertion. The blockages prevent the heart from receiving the extra oxygen needed for strenuous activity. Symptoms typically get better with rest.

Unstable angina pectoris: Chest pain or discomfort that is new, worsening, or occurs at rest. This is an emergency situation as it can precede a heart attack, serious abnormal heart rhythm, or cardiac arrest.

Myocardial infarction (heart attack): A coronary artery is suddenly blocked. Starved of oxygen, part of the heart muscle dies.

Arrhythmia (dysrhythmia): An abnormal heart rhythm due to changes in the conduction of electrical impulses through the heart. Some arrhythmias are benign, but others are life-threatening.

Congestive heart failure: The heart is either too weak or too stiff to effectively pump blood through the body. Shortness of breath and leg swelling are common symptoms.

Cardiomyopathy: A disease of heart muscle in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened, and/or stiffened. As a result, the heart's ability to pump blood is weakened.

Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle, most often due to a viral infection.

Pericarditis: Inflammation of the lining of the heart (pericardium). Viral infections, kidney failure, and autoimmune conditions are common causes.

Pericardial effusion: Fluid between the lining of the heart (pericardium) and the heart itself. Often, this is due to pericarditis.

Atrial fibrillation: Abnormal electrical impulses in the atria cause an irregular heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias.

Pulmonary embolism: Typically a blood clot  travels through the heart to the lungs.

Heart valve disease: There are four heart valves, and each can develop problems. If severe, valve disease can cause congestive heart failure.

Heart murmur: An abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart with a stethoscope. Some heart murmurs are benign; others suggest heart disease.

Endocarditis: Inflammation of the inner lining or heart valves of the heart. Usually, endocarditis is due to a serious infection of the heart valves.

Mitral valve prolapse: The mitral valve is forced backward slightly after blood has passed through the valve.

Sudden cardiac death: Death caused by a sudden loss of heart function (cardiac arrest).

Cardiac arrest: Sudden loss of heart function.

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                                                       Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder characterized by an irregular and often rapid heartbeat. In AF, the electrical signals in the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) become chaotic, causing them to quiver instead of contracting normally. This can lead to inefficient pumping of blood into the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) and result in various symptoms and potential complications.

Symptoms of atrial fibrillation can vary from person to person. Some individuals may experience noticeable symptoms, while others may be asymptomatic. Common signs and symptoms of AF include:

Irregular heartbeat: The most common symptom is a rapid, irregular, and fluttering sensation in the chest. This irregular heartbeat can be constant or come and go.

Heart palpitations: Many people with AF experience a rapid or pounding heartbeat, which may be accompanied by chest discomfort.

Fatigue: Feeling tired or exhausted, especially during physical activity, is a common symptom.

Shortness of breath: Some individuals may have difficulty breathing or feel breathless, especially with exertion.

Dizziness or lightheadedness: AF can cause a sensation of dizziness, faintness, or a spinning feeling.

Chest pain: While less common, chest discomfort or chest pain can occur in some cases.

It is important to note that AF can increase the risk of complications, including stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related issues. Thus, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have atrial fibrillation or experience any concerning symptoms.

The causes of atrial fibrillation are diverse and can include:

Age: The risk of developing AF increases with age, particularly beyond 60 years.

High blood pressure: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for AF.

Heart conditions: Various heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease, heart valve problems, congenital heart defects, or a history of heart surgery, can increase the likelihood of AF.

Chronic conditions: Certain chronic conditions, including obesity, diabetes, sleep apnea, and thyroid disorders, are associated with a higher risk of AF.

Lifestyle factors: Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, drug abuse, and caffeine intake may contribute to the development of AF.

Family history: A family history of atrial fibrillation can increase the risk.

Other factors: Viral infections, lung diseases, stress, and certain medications can also be associated with AF.

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#AFib

#HeartRhythm

#IrregularHeartbeat

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#Cardiology

#Arrhythmia

#HeartDisease

#StrokeRisk

#CardiacHealth

#AFAwareness

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                                           Accelerating heart failure research

 

Accelerating research on heart failure is crucial for advancing our understanding of the condition and developing new treatment approaches. Here are some areas where research efforts are focused to accelerate progress in the field of heart failure:

Mechanisms and Pathophysiology: Researchers are studying the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology of heart failure to identify key factors involved in its development and progression. This includes investigating genetic factors, cellular and molecular pathways, and interactions between the heart and other organs.

Biomarkers: Identifying reliable biomarkers for heart failure can aid in early diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and monitoring of treatment response. Research is focused on discovering novel biomarkers that can improve patient outcomes and guide personalized treatment strategies.

Therapeutic Approaches: Developing new therapeutic interventions and treatment strategies is a major focus of heart failure research. This includes investigating novel drug therapies, gene therapies, regenerative medicine approaches (such as stem cell therapy), and medical devices that can improve heart function and outcomes for heart failure patients.

Precision Medicine: Researchers are exploring the concept of precision medicine, which involves tailoring treatment strategies based on individual patient characteristics. This includes factors such as genetic profiles, biomarker expression, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors. Precision medicine aims to optimize treatment effectiveness and minimize adverse effects.

Digital Health and Remote Monitoring: Advancements in digital health technologies, wearable devices, and remote monitoring systems have the potential to transform heart failure management. Research is focused on utilizing these technologies to improve patient outcomes, enable early detection of worsening symptoms, and facilitate remote patient monitoring and management.

Cardiac Rehabilitation: Cardiac rehabilitation programs have been shown to improve outcomes for heart failure patients. Ongoing research is focused on optimizing and expanding these programs, exploring innovative approaches, and studying the long-term benefits of cardiac rehabilitation.

Patient Education and Self-Management: Empowering heart failure patients with knowledge and skills for self-management is an important research area. This involves developing effective educational interventions, support systems, and tools that can help patients better understand their condition, adhere to treatment plans, and make informed decisions about their health.

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                                                Pulmonary Arterial hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries that supply the lungs (pulmonary arteries). It occurs when the small blood vessels in the lungs become narrowed, blocked, or damaged, making it harder for blood to flow through them. This leads to increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which puts strain on the heart's right ventricle, causing it to work harder to pump blood to the lungs.

 

Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension may include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, dizziness, fainting, swelling in the ankles or legs (edema), and a rapid heartbeat. However, these symptoms are not specific to PH and can occur in other conditions as well.

 

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#HeartDisease

#KidneyFailure

#CardiorenalSyndrome

#HeartHealth

#KidneyHealth

#HeartFailure