Heart failure and an artificial heart pump

The heart is fundamental to our circulatory system. When it is healthy, it is roughly the size of a fist and sits in the middle of the chest, slightly to the left. Comprised of two interacting sides, separated by the septum, each are similar in having two compartments, the atria and ventricles. Blood enters the atria when they relax while the ventricles simultaneously contract and pump blood out into the aorta on the left side, or pulmonary artery on the right. When the ventricles relax, they fill while the atria assist this filling by contracting and moving blood into the ventricles. Valves between the atria and ventricles stop blood from flowing back in the wrong direction.

Although the two sides of the heart are generally similar in form, they differ in size and anatomy because of their function. The right-hand side is smaller than the left, it pumps blood through the pulmonary circuit, returning low-oxygen blood to the lungs to replenish the blood with oxygen. The left-hand side is larger, as it has the harder job of pumping oxygen-rich blood through the high-pressure circuit around the body to cells, tissues and organs.

International Conference on Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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