Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common heart rhythm disorder characterized by an irregular and often rapid heartbeat. In AF, the electrical signals in the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) become chaotic, causing them to quiver instead of contracting normally. This can lead to inefficient pumping of blood into the lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) and result in various symptoms and potential complications.

Symptoms of atrial fibrillation can vary from person to person. Some individuals may experience noticeable symptoms, while others may be asymptomatic. Common signs and symptoms of AF include:

Irregular heartbeat: The most common symptom is a rapid, irregular, and fluttering sensation in the chest. This irregular heartbeat can be constant or come and go.

Heart palpitations: Many people with AF experience a rapid or pounding heartbeat, which may be accompanied by chest discomfort.

Fatigue: Feeling tired or exhausted, especially during physical activity, is a common symptom.

Shortness of breath: Some individuals may have difficulty breathing or feel breathless, especially with exertion.

Dizziness or lightheadedness: AF can cause a sensation of dizziness, faintness, or a spinning feeling.

Chest pain: While less common, chest discomfort or chest pain can occur in some cases.

It is important to note that AF can increase the risk of complications, including stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related issues. Thus, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have atrial fibrillation or experience any concerning symptoms.

The causes of atrial fibrillation are diverse and can include:

Age: The risk of developing AF increases with age, particularly beyond 60 years.

High blood pressure: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for AF.

Heart conditions: Various heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease, heart valve problems, congenital heart defects, or a history of heart surgery, can increase the likelihood of AF.

Chronic conditions: Certain chronic conditions, including obesity, diabetes, sleep apnea, and thyroid disorders, are associated with a higher risk of AF.

Lifestyle factors: Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, drug abuse, and caffeine intake may contribute to the development of AF.

Family history: A family history of atrial fibrillation can increase the risk.

Other factors: Viral infections, lung diseases, stress, and certain medications can also be associated with AF.

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